Dark Spots and Uneven Skin Tone

The treatment/management of dark spots, uneven skin tone, hyperpigmentation on the face is complex, challenging and influenced by both, intrinsic and extrinsic factors

What is Hyperpigmentation or commonly just referred to as Pigmentation?

Hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition, where some areas or patches of skin turn darker in color. It manifests when there is more that usual production of the pigment or melanin in some areas of the skin.

Common terms used for this condition include: uneven skin tone, dark spots, blemishes, dark marks, melasma, chloasma

This condition can affect people of all skin types and can be seen in various forms.

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Freckles/Ephelides

Freckles are usually a hereditary form of hyperpigmentation. UV exposure can darken freckles.

Sun Spots/Solar Lentogines

Sun spots usually occur as a result of sun/UV exposure and damage to the skin. They present as small, dark spots and are irregular, circular in shape. They are generally found on the hands and face, but any area exposed to the sun, can be affected.

Post Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation(PIH)

This form of hyperpigmentation is a secondary response to inflammation that arises due to to injury or trauma to the skin. Injury can be a result of physical or chemical damage to the skin. Moderate to severe forms of acne also induce PIH in the skin. Skin of color, Fitzpatrick skin types III to V are prone to this form of hyperpigmentation.

Melasma

Melasma is characterized by large brown patches that appear more commonly in adult females of reproductive age. The distribution on face is usually on the sides of the face, the cheeks, bridge of nose, forehead, and upper lip. Exposure to UV Rays can aggravate this form of hyperpigmentation.

Skincare products that target hyperpigmentation should have a combination of active ingredients that work on the different pathways in the skin that contribute to hyperpigmentation. These pathways include the inhibition of  the tyrosinase enzyme, transfer of melanin from the melanosomes into the surrounding keratinocytes of the skin, dead skin cell buildup and the UV triggered pathway.

UVA and UVB broad spectrum sunscreens are essential in the daily management of hyperpigmentation. Infrared radiation and heat can also aggravate hyperpigmentation.

We recommend the Gentle Cleanser, PigmentoB Cream and PigmentoB Booster Serum. Key ingredients found in our products for hyperpigmentation  include Mandelic Acid, Niacinamide, Green Tea Extract, Linoleic and Linonelic Acid and Bacopa Monierri. Tranexamic Acid found in the PigmentoB Booster serum works on the sun-induced prostaglandin pathway, specifically. This pathway is responsible for UV-induced and aggravation of hyperpigmentation.

Our products are also useful to use as home maintenance skincare after having treatments done by beauty or medical aestheticians.